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تاپیک جامع اصطلاحات و ضرب المثل های انگلیسی

شروع موضوع توسط MiTra ‏15/12/10 در انجمن زبان خارجی

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    no matter

    - regardless
    No matter how hard that I try, my piano teacher is never satisfied.
    not at all

    - certainly not
    I am not at all happy with my new computer.
    of course

    - certainly, definitely, naturally
    "Of course you can use my car if you want to."
    on the other hand

    - however, in contrast, looking at the opposite side of a matter
    He is very intelligent but on the other hand he is very lazy and always gets low marks at school.
    on time

    - at the scheduled time, exactly at the correct time, punctually
    Our train arrived exactly on time.
    once again

    - again, one more time, once more
    I tried once again to phone my boss at his home .
    open to (something)

    - to be agreeable to learn or hear about new ideas or suggestions
    Most members of the class were open to the teacher's ideas.
    pick up (something)

    - to get or receive something
    I will pick up my dry cleaning tomorrow.
    I picked up a copy of the newspaper at the station.
    point out (someone or something)

    - to explain or call attention to someone or something
    My teacher was very kind when she pointed out the mistakes that I had made.
     
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    put out (something)

    - to produce or make something (a product/brochure/report/CD/movie/paper)
    The company puts out a newsletter every month for the employees.
    regardless of (something)

    - without considering or thinking about something, without regard to something
    Regardless of the weather we are going to go fishing tomorrow morning.
    right away

    - immediately
    "I forgot to bring my book but I will go home and get it right away."
    rule out (someone or something)

    - to decide against or eliminate someone or something
    The police ruled out the man as a possible bank robber.
    We decided to rule out Monday as the day to have our meeting.
    run into (something - a fact/trouble/problems/difficulty)

    - to experience something, to encounter something
    The mechanic ran into trouble when he was fixing my car.
    I ran into some interesting facts when I was researching my essay.
    set up (something)

    - to establish something, to provide the money for something
    The newspaper company provided the money to set up the new travel magazine.
    The company set up a unique situation to test the new product.
    show up

    - to appear, to arrive, to be present
    "What time did your friend show up for the party?"
    so far

    - until now
    So far no one has entered the speech contest at the television station.
    so to speak

    - as one might or could say, this is one way to say something
    We had a good time at the restaurant, so to speak, although the service was not very good.
    sort of (something)

    - to be almost something, to be similar to something, to be not quite something
    "Did you fi cleaning the kitchen?"
    "Sort of, but not really."
    stick with (something)

    - to continue doing something, to not quit something
    My brother has been able to stick with his trumpet lessons since he was a child.
     
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    take advantage of (someone or something)

    - to use someone or something for one's own benefit
    We took advantage of the beautiful weather and went to the beach.
    take care of (someone or something)

    - to look after or give attention to someone or something
    You should take care of your health or you will become sick.
    take out (something)

    - to remove something from somewhere, to extract something
    The teacher told us to take out our books.
    I took out some onions from the refridgerator.
    take over (something)

    - to take control of something, to take command of something
    The large company wants to take over some of the small companies in our area.
    take place

    - to happen, to occur
    The soccer game took place on the coldest day of the year.
    to the extent that

    - to the degree that, in so far as
    I plan to provide information about the new company policy to the extent that I am familiar with it.
    turn in (something)

    - to give something to someone, to hand something to someone
    I arrived at school early so that I could turn in my essay.
    turn out

    - to be found or known, to prove to be true
    It turned out that more people came to the party than we expected.
    up to

    - until, as far as a certain point, approaching a certain point
    Up to last week I had never been inside a bowling alley.
    There were probably up to thirty people at the meeting.

     
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    up to (someone) to decide/do (something)

    - to be responsible to choose or decide something
    It is up to the company president to decide when the meeting will start.
    used to

    - accustomed to
    My friend is not used to living in such a big city.
    with respect to (something)

    - referring to something, concerning something
    I do not know what the company will do with respect to the old computer system.
    work out (for the best)

    - to end successfully
    I hope that everything will work out for my friend when she moves to London next week.



     
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    How These Idioms Were Chosen

    Which idioms to learn and which to teach is important for both students and teachers. While this decision can be made in a random manner, a better way is to examine a specific body of English material and decide which idioms are the most frequently found. This type of collection of material is called a corpus (the plural for corpus is corpora).

    There are many corpora available. These include the Collins Cobuild Corpus in the United Kingdom and the Michigan Corpus of Academic Spoken English (MICASE) in the United States. The MICASE corpus is a collection of recorded speech from the University of Michigan in the United States. The material includes lectures, casual office discussions and study group sessions in various faculties of the university. They are taken from one particular style or purpose of naturally occurring English. Different idioms will be used in a conversation, a novel, a news report or a scientific paper. Any list of idioms will be different depending on the English corpus that is used to compile that list. However, most corpora contain idioms that are common to all corpora and any list that is used will be composed of idioms that are often found in much English language material.

    The MICASE corpus is easily available to anyone with Internet access and it is the corpus which was used to produce this list of the 100 Most Frequently Used English Idioms. The idioms that occur in this list of frequently used idioms are the most frequent idioms that are found in an academic setting in the United States
     
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    Medical

    at death's door

    - very near death
    The sales manager was at death's door after his heart attack.
    back on one's feet

    - physically healthy again
    My mother is back on her feet after being sick for two weeks.
    black out

    - to lose consciousness, to faint, to pass out
    The football player blacked out after being hit by the other player.
    break out in (something)

    - to begin showing a rash or other skin disorder
    I broke out in a rash after eating the shrimp at the restaurant.
    breathe one's last

    - to die
    The man breathed his last after a long illness.
    bring (someone) around

    - to restore someone to health or consciousness, to cure someone
    The medical workers were able to bring the man around after the accident.
    bring (someone) to

    - to restore someone to consciousness after anesthesia/hypnosis/fainting
    We tried hard to bring the woman to after the car accident.
    catch a cold

    - to get a cold
    I caught a cold last week and had to miss four days of work.
     
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    catch one's death of cold

    - to become very ill (with a cold/flu etc.)
    The little boy was told to be careful in the rain or he would catch his death of cold.
    check-up

    - an examination of a patient by a doctor
    I plan to have my annual check-up next week.
    clean bill of health

    - a report or certificate that a person or animal is healthy
    My doctor gave me a clean bill of health when I visited him last month.
    come down with (something)

    - to become sick with something, to catch an illness
    My niece came down with a cold and was unable to visit me last week.
    couch doctor

    - a psychoanalyst or psychiatrist who puts his patients on a couch to talk to them
    The man was sent to see a couch doctor because of his many problems.
    a dose of one's own medicine

    - the same treatment that one gives to others (usually this has a negative meaning)
    We gave the boy a dose of his own medicine after he bullied us.

     
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    draw blood

    - to make someone bleed, to get blood from someone
    The doctor decided to draw blood from the patient in order to check his blood sugar level.
    fall ill

    - to become sick or ill
    The man fell ill last winter and has not recovered yet.
    feel on top of the world

    - to feel very healthy
    I have been feeling on top of the world since I quit my job.
    flare up

    - to begin again suddenly (an illness or a disease)
    My mother's skin problem flared up when she started to use the new hand soap.
    a flare-up

    - a sudden worsening of a health condition
    There was a flare-up of my father's sickness last week.
    go under the knife

    - to have an operation in surgery
    The woman went under the knife at the hospital last evening.
    hang out one's shingle

    - to open an office or business - especially in a profession
    The doctor decided to hang out his shingle as soon as he fied medical school.
    have a physical (examination)

    - to get a medical check-up
    Our company sent all the employees to have a physical last week.
     
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    head shrinker

    - a psychiatrist
    The man went to see a head shrinker after his recent problems at work.
    just what the doctor ordered

    - exactly what is needed or wanted
    A nice hot bath was just what the doctor ordered after my long day at work.
    look the picture of health

    - to be in good health, to look very healthy
    My uncle looked the picture of health when I saw him last week.
    on the mend

    - becoming better, becoming well, healing
    My grandfather is on the mend after he broke his leg last week.
    out cold

    - unconscious, to have fainted
    The patient was out cold because of the anesthesia when he entered the operating room.
    over the worst

    - recovering from an illness
    The man is over the worst since his skiing accident last month.
    pull through

    - to recover from a serious illness
    The car accident was very bad and I do not think that the driver will pull through.
    run a fever/temperature

    - to have a higher than normal body temperature
    The girl has been running a fever this week.
    The little boy is running a temperature and should stay in bed all day.
    be run down

    - to be in poor condition
    My father worked very hard last month and now he is run down.
     
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    run some tests

    - to do some medical tests on a patient
    The doctor decided to run some tests on the patient.
    splitting headache

    - a severe headache
    I have been suffering from a splitting headache all morning.
    take a sick day

    - to be absent from work and still receive pay
    I did not feel well yesterday so I decided to take a sick day.
    take a turn for the worse

    - to become sicker
    My aunt took a turn for the worse last week and she is now in the hospital.
    take (someone's) temperature

    - to measure someone's body temperature
    The nurse took my temperature when I went to the hospital yesterday.
    a taste of one's own medicine

    - the same treatment that one gives to others (usually this has a negative meaning)
    Our boss got a taste of his own medicine when people began to treat him badly like he treats others.
    throw up

    - to vomit
    The woman threw up after eating the bad shellfish.
    under the weather

    - not feeling well
    My boss has been under the weather all week and has not come to work during that time.