بتهوون جوان Most people who like classical music would say that Ludwig van Beethoven (1770-1827) was one of the greatest composers in history. He was born in the German city of Bonn, but spent most of his life in Vienna, the capitalof Austria. His father, a musician in Bonn, encouragedhim to play and compose music from an early age. The young Beethovenshowed clear signs of being a musical genius, giving a public piano performance at the age of eight and then publishing his first musical composition when he was twelve. One of the most well-known facts about Beethoven is that he started losing his hearing in his late twenties, and later becamecompletelydeaf. Amazingly, however, this didnot stop him composing. In the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, most composers worked for the Church or for royal courts, but Beethoven was a freelancerwho sold his music to publishers and also received money for playing the piano in public concerts. As a young man he often had money problems, which became worse when his deafness stopped him playing the piano, but later in his life, after becoming very famous, he received financial support from wealthy aristocrats. Aristocrat /noun/: the people of the highest social class عضو دستهء اشراف، طرفدار حكومت اشراف، نجيب زاده Encourage /verb/: make someone feel brave enough or confident enough to do something تشويق كردن، دلگرم كردن Freelancer /noun/: a writer who earns his money without being in the regular employment of any particular organization نویسنده آزاد (نویسنده ای که در خدمت هیچ سازمانی نیست و برای خودش کار می کند.) Genius /adjective/: a person of very great ability نابغه Composer /noun/:person who composes musical compositions; author, writer, poet سراينده، نويسنده، سازنده، مصنف، اهنگ ساز
