English speakers use "wish" to show that they want a situation to be different. The verb after "wish" is one tense back, so that if you are wishing for a different present situation, the tense that follows "wish" is past simple or past continuous. If you are wishing that a past situation was different, the tense that comes after "wish" is past perfect. You can also use "wish" with modal verbs in English. Wish and present situations Situation: My sister is untidy. (Verb "to be" in the present simple) Wish:I wish she was tidier. (Verb "to be" in past simple) Situation: I am going to London next week. (Verb "to go" in present continuous) Wish: "I wish I wasn't going to London next week." (Verb "to go" in past continuous) Situation: I haven't studied for the English test. (Verb "to study" in present perfect) Wish: "I wish I had studied for the English test." (Verb "to study" in past perfect) Wish and past situations Situation: I didn't go on holiday this year. (Verb "to go" is in past simple) Wish: "I wish I had gone on holiday this year. (Verb "to go" is in past perfect.) Wish with modal verbs With could to refer to ability Situation: I can't play a musical instrument. Wish: "I wish I could play a musical instrument." With would to refer to habits and free will Situation: He whistles in the office. Wish: I wish he wouldn't whistle in the office. (In this sentence you are stressing the fact he wants to whistle and makes a habit of it.) You could also say: "I wish he didn't whistle in the office." (In this sentence you aren't stressing his desire to whistle, but you are just making a comment about a present situation.)
